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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Surveillance issues in smart cities ： ウィキペディア英語版 Surveillance issues in smart cities Smart cities seek to implement information and communication technologies (ICT) in order to improve the efficiency and sustainability of urban spaces while reducing costs and resource consumption. In the context of surveillance, smart cities monitor citizens through strategically placed sensors around the urban landscape, which collect data regarding many different factors of urban living. From these sensors, data is transmitted, aggregated and analysed by governments and other local authorities in order to extrapolate information about the challenges the city faces in sectors such as crime prevention, traffic management,〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Amsterdam Smart City ~ Projects )〕 energy use 〔 and waste reduction. This serves to facilitate better urban planning and allows governments to tailor their services to the local population.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=SmartCities card )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=New bus network )〕 Such technology has been implemented in a number of cities, including Santa Cruz, Barcelona, Amsterdam and Stockholm. Smart city technology has developed practical applications in improving effective law enforcement, the optimization of transportation services, and the improvement of essential infrastructure systems,〔 including providing local government services through e-Governance platforms. This constant and omnipresent transmission of data〔 from disparate sources into a single government entity has led to concerns being raised of these systems turning into ‘electronic panopticons’,〔 where governments exploit data driven technologies in order to maximize effective surveillance of their citizens. Such criticism is drawn from privacy factors,〔 as the information sharing flows operate vertically between citizens and the government on a scale that undermines the concept of urban anonymity.〔 == Law enforcement == The most discernible use of smart city technology for Government Surveillance arises in law enforcement, where critics consider the accumulation of intelligence through data collection strategies key to intelligence-based policing. The technology available in smart cities includes extensive CCTV installations (such as in London and Dubai),〔 smart traffic sensors in New York and crime prediction software in Santa Cruz, California.〔 This technology holds the potential to significantly improve the type and volume of information that may be relied upon by law enforcement authorities when dealing with crimes. Most policing technologies developed within smart cities appear to have shifted law enforcement from "displinary" to "actuarial",〔 with less focus on identifying individual criminals in order to ascribe guilt and a tendency to classify and manage groups based on levels of dangerousness. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Surveillance issues in smart cities」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.